![]() In single channel access, the \(CIoT\) waits on the same channel until its availability for usage, while in multiple channels access, \(CIoT\) can switch channels whenever it faces occupied channel, which improves the transmission quality and the achieved throughput. The choice between single channel and multiple channels spectrum access is critical in achieving higher data transmission and throughput. ![]() The Cognitive \(IoT\) ( \(CIoT\)) is considered as promising technology to enhance spectrum utilization by accessing the vacant 4G/5G spectrum licensed to a primary user ( \(PU\)). The optimal utilization of the spectrum resources plays an important role to overcome this shortage problem. ![]() With the advent of fifth generation technologies for wireless networks and the expansion of the use of the Internet of things, the demands in using spectrum transmission have increased significantly, resulting in a shortage of available spectrum resources to meet these needs.
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